Maldives: New theatre of Chinese Power Projection

Post-emergency crisis in Maldives escalated and international community began expressing their concerns over the deadlock. Hours after their arrest, Supreme Court judges under duress revoked the unanimous ruling of full bench overturning release of nine political prisoners and refuting their orders of retrials of all cases against them. This move officially foreclosed President Nasheed’s chances of contesting in the upcoming elections. Rattled Nasheed in an article in Indian Newspaper beseeched India to intervene. He cautioned the international community that “In his (Yameen) endless quest to enrich himself, he has sold off nation’s sovereignty. Foreign powers, among them China, are engaged in a “land grab” of Maldivian islands, key infrastructure and even essential utilities. This landgrab not only undermines the independence of Maldives, but the security of entire Indian Ocean Region. Under President Yameen religious radicals have quietly moved into key positions in the government, security services and institutions. There is a state with the state-a network of radicals lurking in the shadows waiting to overrun the government”. He urged India to act soon, to force Yameen into accepting Supreme Court’s decision ensuring the conduct of free and fair elections under international monitoring.  

Spurred by ambitions of power projection in Indian Ocean, China eyed Maldives and established embassy in 2011 during the Presidentship of Nasheed. Ever since, there has been a massive upsurge in the scale of Chinese association with the largest Island chain. Even the enormity of Beijing’s influence in Maldivian politic has increased steadily. While the World severely condemned the sudden ouster of Nasheed and questioned the credibility of Waheed who was installed in his place, China backed him. This move cemented Maldives pivot towards China. In reciprocation, Waheed cancelled a $511 million contract awarded to Indian firm GMR group for development of Male International Airport and was awarded to Chinese company Beijing Urban Construction Group (BUGC) for $800 million by Yameen. GMR eventually reclaimed only a paltry $270 million as compensation when it pulled up Maldivian government to court for cancelling the contract. China filled Maldives coffers to pay compensation amount. It is also believed China granted $500 million (roughly 25% of Maldives GDP) in funds to Waheed on his visit to China.

By September 2014, when presidents of both Maldives and China exchanged visits, Maldives agreed to be part of the Maritime Silk Route (MSR). President Xi on his at visit to Male, laid foundation stone for the construction of 1500 houses at Hulhumale, nicknamed as Chinatown Ever since, an overwhelming of Chinese influence with signposts in Mandarin, hotels, restaurants run by Chinese on the archipelago became ubiquitous. China soon replaced Europe as the largest source of tourists to Maldives. A 30% surge in Chinese tourists reiterated symptomatic Chinese expansionism. China had even clinched a contract to build Gadhoo port in Southern Atolls and China-Maldives Friendship bridge that connects Male to Ibrahim Nasir international airport at Hulhumale.  Yameen raised $800 million for development of Ibrahim Nasir airport from EXIM Bank of China and Saudi Arabia. China is keen on gaining control over Gadhoo airport for its proximity to US base Diego Garcia. In 2015, Yameen tailored a constitutional amendment facilitating Chinese inveterate land grab. Holding toast to Chinese friendship, in August 2017, disregarding Indian concerns, Yameen allowed docking of three Chinese warships in Male.

China steadily expanded its hold over Maldivian economy. Since 2008, Maldivian imports increased 200% turning it into a vassal state of China and bilateral trade became awfully skewed.  Giving fresh impetus to trade ties, both countries signed of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) as Maldives believed that FTA is expected to boost its fishing industry. The drama leading to signing of FTA in December 2017, on Yameen’s visit to Beijing and the secrecy that loomed large raised more suspicions. Parliamentarians were denied access to the FTA documents, government allowed less than half an hour to approve 1000 pages plus document. It was passed in parliament (with total strength of 85) with just 30 votes. President Yameen during his New Delho visit in 2016 assured that Delhi would be first country with which Maldives will sign FTA. But made a massive U-turn signed an FTA with China and later sent an envoy, Minister Mohammed Asim to India reaffirming his government’s adherence to Maldives “India First Policy and emphasized that Maldives attached highest priority to its ties with India”.

Economically unviable infrastructure projects, non-concessionary Chinese grants bloated the debit to GDP ratio of Maldives which has transitioned into Middle Income Nation from Least Developed Country in 2011. Currently over 70% of Maldives debt is owed to China becoming second south Asian nation to be ensnared by debt diplomacy of China after Sri Lanka. Highlighting the enormity of grievous economic situation Nasheed in his interview to TOI said “The loan interest is more that 20% of Maldives budget”.   While parallels are already drawn between the fate of Gadhoo port of Maldives and Hambantota of Sri Lanka, Maldives is akin to Pakistan, another Chinese vassal state. Similar fate is awaiting Pakistan which has become major partner of BRI through CPEC (China Pakistan Economic Corridor) is expected to pay $90 billion debt to China over the next 30 years. Yet another feature common to Pakistan and Maldives that abets their tilt towards the Dragon is its abominable disregard for liberal values, human rights and democratic values. In recent times, authoritarian and undemocratic regimes of small countries are seeking shelter of illiberal behemoth to escape the wrath of the West. Further China always had close ties with OIC (Organization for Islamic Cooperation), an organization of 56 Muslim countries. In the past few decades, China with its economic might rapidly expanded its influence among smaller countries headed by despotic leaders by offering to build infrastructure facilities without any regard to rule of law. Even the authoritarian rulers are getting increasingly attracted towards China’s “authoritarian capitalism”. Many countries are now embracing China’s developmental model. Especially the East European countries like Poland, Hungary and South East Asian countries- Cambodia, Thailand and Malaysia are now keen on following Chinese footsteps.

Besides, China after gaining adequate economic leverage in countries started exerting great control over domestic politics. The scintillating example of overthrowing Zimbabwean President Mugabe by leaders propped by Dragon stands testimony to China’s interference. Even the regimes in Angola and Ethiopia regimes have come under Chinese influence. Australia and New Zealand plagued by burgeoning Chinese influence in politics have ordered serious investigations. Yameen’s hardened stance despite international appeals to honor Supreme Court’s decision inadvertently confirmed China’s support to an illiberal Maldivian government.

Responding to Maldivian crisis Indian spokesperson observed, “It is imperative for all organs of the government of Maldives to respect and abide by the order of the apex court”. China which not only took objection to India’s statement and Maldivian opposition clamor for Indian intervention, through its official mouth piece Global Times, argued, “Political struggles are supposed to be internal affairs and New Delhi has no justification to intervene in Male’s affairs. The Maldives must be under huge pressure from India. The Maldives sovereignty should be respected. The political unrest should be left to the Maldivian people to address. We urge all sides in the country to exercise restraint and end the crisis at the minimum cost, striking the correct balance between legal and government authority”. Mincing no words, it added, India’s involvement would be akin to invasion. China’s indifference to Yameen’s absolutism has buttressed his position who has sent envoys to friendly countries which included- China, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. Maldivian Ambassador to India told Reuters that the government wanted to send a special envoy to India but the dates were not suitable for the Indian Foreign Ministry.

Reposing great faith in India’s role as the regional security provider Nasheed has consistently pleeding “Maldivians see India’s role positively: in 88 they came, they resolved the crisis and left. They were not occupiers but liberators. That is why Maldivians took to India now” against Chinese false propaganda that India has been manipulating Maldives and harbors a strong desire to control south Asian countries. Yesterday Maldivian government arrested two journalists from AFP, private television channel including an Indian and suspended the local Rajje Television from broadcasting. Yameen refused to meet delegates of diplomats from Britain, EU and Germany. Emboldened by Chinese support, Yameen is ruthlessly cracking down opposition and media.

While continues to maintain that it never interferes in internal affairs of other countries, China’s warning that it doesn’t want Maldives to become a “flashpoint” clearly illustrates Dragon’s role in shaping Yameen’s regime. Meanwhile, Nasheed made a startling revelation that China have have taken control of 17 Maldivian islands and urged international convention to prevail over Chinese land grab. Maldives located along the sea lines of communication in the Indian Ocean and 700km away has a crucial role in India’s security. India as of now is closely monitoring the situation in Maldives. Clearly, China with its massive economic clout only emerged as a formidable land grabber but a formidable force supporting despotic regimes. It is time India joins hands with like-minded countries and regional players in reinstating democratic values to restore peace and order in Maldives.

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Maldives on the edge as President Yameen declares State of emergency

The tiny archipelago in Indian Ocean, a humble paradise for tourists, Maldives with a population of 3,50,000 is battling to sustain democracy which made a significant entry just a decade back. Maldives has been on boil since February 1^st when five-member Supreme Court bench ordered the release of former President Nasheed and all other political prisoners. It also cancelled Election Commission’s order against the 12 parliamentarians, who have defected to President Yameen’s Progressive Party of Maldives (PPM) on his behest. In the meanwhile, Yameen called in riot police to dispel the crowd who have thronged the capital to celebrate release of opposition leaders-Nasheed of Maldives Democratic Party (MDP), Qasim Ibrahim of Jumhoree Party, Adhalaath Party Leader Sheikh Imran Abdulla, Former Defence Minister Mohammed Nazim, Faris Maumoon, Yameen’s nephew and four other leaders. Heavy handedness of police turned the event into a law and order maintenance problem soon. Additionally, the court ruling pronounced that cases slapped upon these political leaders were against Maldives Constitution and International Law. It stated that political pressure was applied during the trials, ordered judicial re-evaluation and release of these prisoners with immediate effect. Commission of Police promised to implement Court’s order but within hours he was dismissed and replaced with another commissioner who was ready to follow court’s order. But he too was ousted.

After two days, President Yameen ordered his Attorney General to issue a notice to Court refusing to implement its order.  Even the new police commissioner and the Chief of Defense now said that they would take instructions from Attorney General alone. Supreme Court’s order was a double blow to despotic Yameen’s regime. The order which impelled Yameen’s government to release his arch-political rivals had annulled anti-defection ruling of the election commission restoring the membership of 12 defectors. With this Yameen’s ruling party lost majority in the Parliament (Majilis) making it easy for the opposition alliance to impeach President Yameen. Foreseeing the spate of his political career, Yameen ordered police to follow the orders of Attorney General who has colluded with ruling government. Soon, armed police barged into Supreme Court and took the Chief justice, Abdulla Saeed and judge Ali Hameed Mohammed into custody. To stall any attempt by opposition to impeach him, Yameen ordered the lockdown of Parliament. His party spokesperson stated, “The Supreme Court ruling stands in defiance of the highest authority in the country: The Constitution. The Supreme Court must remember that it is bound by law”. He assured that government will ensure safety of all citizens and tourists as well. To render the opposition alliance ineffective and leader-less, Yameen ordered the arrest of his estranged half-brother and the longest serving president of Maldives, 80-year-old Maumoon Abdul Gayoom who sided with opposition. Escalating tensions further, Yameen announced 15-day state of emergency.

The current situation propped up as the opposition party leaders jointly appealed to Supreme Court seeking its help in bringing down the Yameen’s regime mired in corruption, confiscation of government properties and for acting against the law. Desperate political prisoners had to seek Supreme Court’s intervention, since Parliament was rendered ineffective by Yameen. Yameen shuttered the parliament in July when the opposition parties vowed to vote against close aide of Yameen, speaker of the Parliament Abdulla Maseeh on charges of corruption and abuse of power. Security forces barred MPs from entering the Parliament to prevent vote and declared that four defectors have lost their parliamentary seat.

Maldives for the first time held multi-party Presidential elections in 2008. Ever since the topsy-turvy ride of power struggle to clinch reigns has become a regular affair. Mohammed Nasheed of MDP became the first democratically elected of Maldives in November 2008 was forced to resign in 2012 at ‘gunpoint’. He desperately pleaded Manmohan Singh government’s help to rescue him. Soon, he was replaced by Mohammed Waheed Hassan, a close confidant of President Mahmood Gayoom. Subsequently, in the elections held under controversial circumstances in 2013, President Gayoom’s half-brother Abdulla Yameen of PPM was elected as President. Ever since assuming leadership, Yameen tilted towards China. His unequivocal submission to Beijing’s maritime expansion has been a cause of immense concern to India. Aside his Chinese drift another excruciating aspect of this island that can threaten the regional interest was Yameen’s veritable interest in radical Islam. In 1997, Abdul Gayoom declared Maldives as an Islam nation and shielded it effectively from the modern influences despite the island being the favorite global tourist destination. Under the despotic Yameen regime, Islamic orthodoxy has reached new heights. Besides scuttling the democratic voices on the island, he even closed the island’s lone newspaper. The island slowly and steadily slipped into Riyadh’s embrace. Maldivian society which was hailed as liberal society is now largely conservative. Yameen enamored by Saudi Arabia has sought Riyadh’s cooperation for deepening cultural and educational cooperation. Saudi Arabia in turn has promised to extend scholarships to Maldivian youth for Islamic education, offered to construct mosques and send the Imams to train the local religious leaders. As a result, Maldives has now turned into a new breeding ground for Wahhabi ideology and reports indicate that millions of young Maldivians are indoctrinated with the radical Islam tenets. For decades by pumping immense reserves of Petrodollars Saudi Arabia unleashed a campaign of spreading its radical ideology across South Asia and Maldives joined the list now.  

By February 2015, President Yameen got former President Nasheed, a pro-Indian leader, who sought refuge in Indian Embassy arrested on charges of corruption for 13 years.  By arresting Nasheed, Yameen stifled democratic voices and cleverly plotted to eliminate all his rivals. He expelled two Supreme Judges who didn’t support the repeated postponement of elections and forcibly passed a constitutional amendment setting the highest age limit of 65 for Presidency and Vice-Presidency to disqualify the supporters of Nasheed- Gayoom and Gasim. Maldives is gearing up elections this year and owing to his dictatorial style of functioning, Yameen lost credibility. Nasheed has announced that he would contest the elections and with prospect of returning to power stand grim, Yameen has resolved to crush the opposition with an iron hand. Besides, allying with Saudi Arabia, Yameen is making overtures to Pakistan with regular visits.

Aside, the traditional historical and cultural connect, India always maintained good relations with Maldives. India was one the first countries to establish diplomatic relations with Maldives in 1965 after its independence from the British. Maldives is founding member of SAARC (South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation) and party to South Asia Free Trade Agreement. India always played the role of security provider for Maldives. Responding to calls of help by President Gayoom, in 1988, Indian Army launched “Operation Cactus” and successfully foiled coup attempt by armed militants and had naval presence since 2009. India had always rescued Maldives in times of need by extending relief and support during 2014 tsunami. In 2015, when Maldives lone saline water treatment plant was gutted down in fire accident, India dispatched gallons of fresh water to the archipelago.

Indo-Maldives relations took a massive hit with Yameen’s Chinese drift who allowed them to build a port in Southern Laamu Atolls posing a threat to Indian security. Further he brought out a constitutional amendment wherein any foreign company/individual who invests more than $1 billion in island and reclaims over 70% of land used for project can buy land to favor China. Modi regime officially brought “Neighbourhood First” policy and religiously stuck to it. Prime Minister Modi made visits to all neighboring countries baring Maldives. He was forced to cancel his trip in March 2015 due to oppressive internal conflicts. Though Yameen pronounced that Maldives abides by “India First” policy, on his visit to India in April 2016, there has been marked shift in Maldivian approach followed as Yameen inevitably pushed archipelago into Chinese orbit. China, keen on power projection in Indian Ocean region (IOR) aspired to establish a port on the archipelago never bothered to question the despotic regime of Yameen. While India was apprehensive of the seamless authority and unbridled power of Yameen intent on changing the democratic contours of the island. Though India never chided Maldives in public it was wary and conscious of abuse of human rights and heavy crackdown.

Following the imposition of state of emergency, helpless judiciary and legislature of Maldives are appealing international community and especially India to intervene. India has key leverage in Maldives. As per 1981 trade agreement, India provided special concessions to Maldives to import Indian goods restricted to other countries. Besides, India is frontier destination for education and medical treatment for Maldivians. India is carefully mulling all options and hasn’t imposed any restrictions on trade or travel and refrained from issuing harsh statements for the fear of antagonizing Maldives. But any internal conflict or unrest in the archipelago will have direct effect on Indian security. India is keenly tracking all the developments and issued a travel warning against traveling to Maldives. Incidentally, by signing a free trade agreement and deepening its relations with China, Yameen has turned the island into a zone of proxy war between India and China. In the meanwhile, US and UK have come down heavily on Maldives warning the Yameen government to uphold the court ruling. President Nasheed urged India to intervene. India so far hasn’t blinked officially. With the dictatorial regime of Yameen defying court orders, Maldives is seeking India’ intervention. It is a real tough call for Modi regime. India must act, else Indian backyard might soon be gobbled up by the authoritarian (hegemonic) dragon and extremist jackals.

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Monkey clones raises ethical concerns of human cloning

The alarming pace of discoveries which garnered momentum with unraveling of structure of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) the basic blue print of living organisms in the year 1953 has transformed Life Sciences. This phenomenal discovery besides cracking the fundamental unit of inheritance (genes), ignited the latent curiosity of manipulation of genetic material among scientists. Incidentally the collective efforts accelerated the genesis of a gamut of molecular biology techniques culminating in the evolution of new branch of study, Genetic Engineering which encompasses all the processes aimed at altering the genetic code of an organism. Till 1970s, selective breeding was widely practiced to manipulate genetic material. Initially, biomedical techniques like artificial insemination, invitro fertilization (test-tube babies) were included under genetic engineering. The discovery of restriction enzymes in 1968, an indispensable tool for gene cloning accelerated the pace of genetic engineering. Eventually genetic engineering invariably refers to gene cloning.  Cloning refers to the process wherein a target DNA (gene) is inserted into a circular piece of DNA or plasmid of a bacterium and generation of hundreds of identical copies of gene. DNA cloning is used in production of biopharmaceuticals, gene therapy and gene analysis. The term cloning became immensely popular when scientists at University of Edinburgh cloned the sheep Dolly in 1996.

In fact, Dolly had three mothers: one provided DNA, another egg and the third one was a surrogate mother. Using the technique of somatic cell nuclear technique (SCNT), nucleus from the mammary gland is inserted into an unfertilized egg, whose nucleus was removed. This hybrid cell was implanted in a surrogate mother. The success of Dolly prompted scientists to use this technique for other animal species like dogs and pigs. While cloned animals are widely hailed as symbols of scientific excellence, the fear creating designer babies and an army of clones began to haunt the scientific community.

On 24^th January China announced the creation two cloned monkeys Zhong Zhong, Hua Hua, the first primate clones developed with a technique similar to one used in Dolly. To achieve this humongous feat, scientists at Institute of Neurology (ION) Shanghai made few modifications. They erased chemical modifications of DNA that potentially turn the embryonic cell into a specialized cell. Similarly, they used DNA from fetal cells and added few factors to turn on genes responsible for embryonic development. They thus created 79 clone embryos and implanted them into 21 surrogate mothers and obtained two clones of long tailed monkeys, Macaca fasicularis. Cloning primates is extremely arduous and has abysmally low success rate.  Scientists across the World lauded their Chinese counterparts on their outstanding achievement who unabashedly expressed concerns that this technique might be used to clone humans. Besides humans the subclass of primates (the big brained mammals) includes monkeys, apes, lemurs, bushbabies and lorises.  Allaying fears, scientists at ION clarified that they have created the clones to study genetic factors responsible for Alzheimer’s disease. By creating a population of genetically identical monkeys’ scientists want to deactivate the genes responsible for causing diseases individually and study its effect. Besides there is huge demand for cloned monkeys to test drugs.

Primates have been preferred models for studying human mental disorders and degenerative diseases. Hundreds of monkeys are used to investigate Parkinson’s disease. Incidentally, genetic closeness and similarity makes the study of primates significant and informative. Genome sequencing revealed that humans are 96% similar to the apes. A section of scientists believe that the latest development is highly significant since SNCT technique can be used to save endangered animals.

Human cloning includes therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning involves cloning of human cells or tissues for medical purposes like transplants while reproductive cloning is about making an entire clone of a human being.  

Amidst burgeoning reports of production of various animal clones and rapid advancements in genetic engineering international community contemplated the possibility of elaborating a convention for addressing the concerns on human cloning. Accordingly, in 2005 UN General Assembly has adopted a declaration urging member states to prohibit all forms of human cloning “in as much as they are incompatible with human dignity and protection of human rights”. But the declaration was toothless since it was non-binding and owing to the ambiguity of wordings, countries failed to arrive at a consensus. Compelled by the urgency to address the ethical concerns of cloning, countries began to urge UN for a binding treaty for prohibiting human cloning. As of now, countries are still divided with each country legislating its own laws. As of 2015, seventy countries are reported to have banned human cloning. EU, Canada explicitly bans human reproductive cloning. India doesn’t have specific law on cloning. It allows therapeutic cloning and use of embryonic stem cells and issued guidelines banning reproductive cloning. UK grants licenses to Universities for carrying out research on diabetes, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease and permits research on human-animal hybrid embryos. As of now US promotes stem cell research and development of pluripotent stem cell lines not involved in creating a human embryo.  Though there are no federal laws banning human cloning completely, human reproductive cloning is banned in fifteen states while three states prohibit use of federal funds for the same.

With the development of primate clones, human cloning seems to have moved away from the realms of science fiction to a real possibility. Currently, certain sections of scientific community fervently back therapeutic human cloning for its potential benefits in organ transplanting. Similarly, childless heterosexual couples suffering from genetic disorders are pitching for reproductive human cloning.

Human cloning while offering promise of ameliorating genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis, Down disease, Tay-Sach’s disease can enliven slew of fictional realities of designer babies and genetic upgrades like smarter babies posing serious ethical concerns. It is a tight rope walk. In absence of a binding international concerns, nations are free to make their own legislations and issue guidelines to laboratories. Crux of regulating human cloning lies in strict enforcement. In any case, scientists must exercise discretion and shoulder the responsibility of defining their research activities for the betterment of society.

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India’s massive diplomatic engagement with ASEAN Countries

To commemorate celebrations of the 69^th Republic Day, India has extended invitation to not just one country but the leaders of the 50-year old regional forum ASEAN signifying the importance of nurturing ties with countries in the extended neighborhood. ASEAN comprises of 10 south east Asian nations- Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Philippines, Brunei and Myanmar. Aside, the deep cultural and historical connect, Buddhism and Ramayana connect India with ASEAN. All the leaders unanimously accepted the invitation to grace the seminal event as Chief guests reflecting their recognition of India as a rising power. India’s unprecedented outreach besides giving fresh impetus to Modi’s Act East Policy will offer an excellent opportunity to deepen foundations four pillars of cooperation-economic, political, cultural and maritime security.  This constructive engagement with the ASEAN group eventually marks 25 years of partnership, 15 years of summit-level interactions and five years of strategic relationship.

At the fag end of Cold War, mired by financial crisis, Prime Minister PV Narasimha initiated new economic reforms and formally initiated Look East Policy to establish strong economic ties with “tiger economies” of ASEAN. The policy has become central to India’s approach towards different countries in ASEAN with varied political orientations. Reinforcing the need for shifting from westward thinking to eastward thinking, Prime Minister Modi rechristened the initiative as Act East policy in 2014. But interestingly, even before India vigorously pursue ties with South East Asia, China evolved into a regional actor developing strong, trade and transactional relations with ASEAN countries which strengthened with time.

With the collapse of Soviet Union, China became more relevant to the region. While the end of Cold War presented an opportunity for India and Japan as well to engage with South East Asian nations, China had already made massive inroads into the region by then. Since 1992, India continued to engage with ASEAN through ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), ASEAN Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (for peaceful resolution of regional disputes), East Asian Summit (EAS), ASEAN Defence Ministers Meeting Plus (ADMM-Plus) and Expanded ASEAN Maritime Forum(EAMF). But China always had an “early starter” advantage. As steadily China clambered growth trajectory it began to intensify claims in the South China Sea (SCS) and brow-beat smaller neighbors. Among the ASEAN nations, it has disputes with Philippines and Vietnam over the Scarborough Shoal and Spartly Islands. While Vietnam refused to bow down to China, Philippines pulled up China to ICJ (International Court of Justice). Though the verdict was against China, Beijing refused to accept and infamously compelled Philippines to fall in line with its financial heft. By signing huge investment deals with Cambodia and Laos Beijing suppressed any resistance to its military assertion in the region. Alerted by China’s claims over 80% of SCS, Indonesia recently named the Sea near Natuna islands as North Natuna Sea. By bailing out 1 MBD beleaguered State investment fund, Beijing tamed Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak. ASEAN nations are now wary of China’s territorial claims over the strategically important SCS which accounts to trade flows worth $5trillion. Unfortunately, ASEAN group which came into existence as a bulwark against China is now devitalized since nations are unable to reach a consensus over maritime issues. China’s unabated military assertion is triggering insecurities among the ASEAN countries. India’s reluctance to buckle down under Chinese pressure during the 70- day long Doklam standoff has given enough reason for ASEAN nations to look towards India as a geostrategic alternative in the region. Further, India’s potential as a fast-growing economy, huge market potential and investment opportunities have prompted ASEAN to deepen cooperation with New Delhi.

Ever since 1992, despite change in political leadership India consistently maintained good relations with ASEAN. With economic cooperation high on agenda in the second decade of partnership with ASEAN, both sides signed free trade agreement in 2003.  But bilateral trade failed to reach full potential. On the other hand, ASEAN countries, adept in manufacturing benefitted from bilateral trade. India began pitching for agreement on services its forte. India-ASEAN Agreements on Trade in Services and Investments came into force on July 1^st, 2015. But as of now gains have been modest. Indo-ASEAN bilateral trade currently stands at $70 billion as against target of $200 billion by 2020. Indian trade deficit in part is worsened by South Asian countries trade barriers on agriculture goods, pharmaceuticals, and textiles. Contrastingly, China-ASEAN bilateral trade amounts to whopping $450 billion. India accounts for 2.6% of ASEAN’s external trade. Similarly, India’s investment in ASEAN pale in comparison with Japan and China.

India has special relations with some ASEAN countries like Vietnam. Similarly, New Delhi signed a pact for enhancing maritime security cooperation with Singapore and stepped up defence cooperation with Philippines. Now both sides are exploring all possibilities to strengthen economic relations. ASEAN countries are batting for early conclusion of RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership), a mega trade arrangement constitution ASEAN countries, India, China, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. India is reluctant since its doesn’t have robust connectivity with ASEAN countries and fears China swamping colossal Indian markets. Unfortunately, crucial connectivity projects like Kaladan Multi-Modal Transport Corridor though the troubled Rakhine province and the India-Myanmar-Thailand trilateral highway have been inordinately delayed exacerbating connectivity issues. In a bid to address connectivity constraints, under the Act East policy, India is vigorously pursuing infrastructure development projects in the North East region which is a land bridge to South East Asia.  

While ASEAN countries are enthusiastic about India’s interest in regional integration and connectivity, they want greater participation of Indian navy in South East Asia. Though ASEAN welcomed references to India as Indo-Pacific power they anticipate New Delhi to take stronger stand on China’s burgeoning military aggression in the region. But India is reluctant to take a proactive role in ASEAN since the group is largely undivided. A subgroup within ASEAN tacitly approves China’s manipulation of Code of Conduct.

At a time, region is embroiled by geopolitical uncertainty, India’s bold initiative towards restructuring regional architecture had found congruence with aspirations of ASEAN countries. India held two-day Indo-ASEAN summit on the eve of Republic Day held on 24-25^th January themed on “Maritime cooperation and Security” with a focus on counterterrorism, security, and connectivity. In the two days, Modi held bilateral talks with all heads of states which was followed by a retreat at Rashtrapathi Bhavan. As a mark of solidarity and strengthening common heritage, commemorative postal stamp on Ramayana was released. Bharat ASEAN Maitri Park was inaugurated. Additionally, India conferred Padma Sri on one individual from each of the ASEAN countries in recognition of their distinguished services. Also, a tableau themed on India-ASEAN friendship marched along the Republic Day contingent. Aside, high optical display and symbolism of friendship and solidarity between India and ASEAN, Prime Minister Modi at the plenary session of the summit laid out few guidelines to rejuvenate and cement ties. Speaking at the ASEAN-India Commemorative Summit (AICS), Modi broached on swift progression of Indo-ASEAN journey which began as sectoral dialogue and matured into a strategic partnership in the past 25 years and commended the progress of implementation of third action plan 2016-2020. As of now there are 30 sectoral dialogue mechanisms, seven ministerial level initiatives to deepen the partnership. Modi affirmed, “India shares ASEAN’s vision of peace and prosperity through the rules-based order for the oceans and seas. Respect for international law, notably UNCLOS is critical for this”. He promised, “we remain committed to work with ASEAN to enhance practical cooperation and collaboration in our shared maritime domain”. Reassuring that India-ASEAN relations are built on 3Cs of- Commerce, Connectivity and Culture, Modi invoked the need for revitalizing the rich ancient civilizational links. Simultaneously, India is actively mobilizing BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) to step up ties with maritime neighbors which includes ASEAN countries Myanmar and Thailand. India is thus adopting a multi-pronged approach to nurture ties with extended neighborhood through various platforms.

The collective presence of ASEAN leaders made the Republic day celebrations more special. This new momentum generated by Modi’s pragmatic diplomacy undoubtedly asserted India’s commitment towards regional integration. With SAARC temporarily buried, India should deepen ties with South East Asia, a region wary of China’s hegemony and military assertion. Vietnam can be India’s pressure point against China. With China deftly encircling India, pulling all its neighbors into its orbit, India must consider strategic maritime expansion into the vast Indo-Pacific region. Since India can’t match the deep pockets of China for making huge investments in the ASEAN countries it should widen maritime security cooperation and partner with Japan to make forays into the Indo-Pacific region. India’s steady rise has raised the expectations of ASEAN countries. It is time India extends unflinching solidarity to ASEAN and contribute toward promoting peace and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific region. Also, India should generously employ ‘soft power’ like promoting people to people links, nurturing ancient civilizational connect by setting up tangible and intangible heritage circuits. India’s trade ties with ASEAN countries are not uniform. New Delhi would stand to gain if it can rope in fastest growing economies like- Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam and Philippines into Make in India initiative. A broad-based approach of strengthening economic ties, connectivity networks and maritime cooperation with ASEAN can make India a major player in building new order in Asia.

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India’s moment at the Davos Summit

World Economic Forum the brain child of German entrepreneur Klaus Schwab started in 1971 at Cologny attained its present avatar in 1987. Ever since, the platform has attained international acclaim for its fervent commitment towards addressing various sector specific issues. It once had been a place for resolving international conflicts. Every year, stalwarts from various fields are recognized, respected, revered and honored for their illustrious contributions. For its immense international influence and stature, participants of WEF are even referred to as “Davos Men”. The prestigious annual WEF summit Meet at Davos, a small ski-resort in Switzerland is attended by World leaders, academicians, businessmen, billionaires, economists, and other stalwarts in various avenues. There can be no better international platform than Davos to highlight India’s potential for immense opportunities and growth. Committed to carving a new India, Prime Minister Narendra Modi was invited to deliver keynote address at the plenary session of the 48^th Davos WEF themed on “creating a shared future in a fractured World”.

As prophesized 21^st century has been Asian Century. Countries are now eagerly looking forward for new leaders to lead the World. This new change is marked by a sudden in fulcrum of geopolitics with centers of power and dynamism shifting from West to East. President Trump’s “America First” policy, withdrawal from the Paris Climate Accord and pulling out from TPP (Trans Pacific Partnership) underscored his protectionist policies spurring American retraction from the global arena creating a power vacuum. Trump’s isolationist regime, augured China’s enthusiasm to reshape World order. Seizing this opportunity, ennobling globalization, President Xi, charmed the World pledging to uphold free trade and spurned protectionism at Davos last year. Xi indeed made a fervent bid to hijack the mantle of global leadership. His pragmatic bid rekindled hopes of businessmen who were crest-fallen by a sudden upsurge in populism across the World. In the past five years, China’s avalanche of growth added a new vigor to global economy. It contributed over 25% to global economy dwarfing the contribution of other major economies and emerged as economic super power. Incidentally, international community looked forward to China with Trump embracing protectionism. While Chinese contribution to World economy is much higher now than it was when it clocked 10%, slowly it is inching towards a stagnation. Global investors are now eagerly looking for bigger, consumer markets and investment destinations.

Though World had subdued suspicions of China’s leadership for its communist underpinnings, with over 60 countries endorsing Beijing’s ambitious OBOR (One Belt One Road) project of resurrecting global connectivity its prospects as an emerging super power brightened. But the Chinese halo was short lived as reports of China’s debt trap diplomacy, opaque functioning, and its indifference towards environmental concerns under the ruse of OBOR began to rock the World. The West which was already experiencing huge trade deficits due to China’s indiscriminate pricing policies, excess production, violation of WTO rules and coercion of corporates into technology transfer felt suddenly threatened by China’s dubious free market claims.  Further, China’s nonchalant disregard to India’s territorial claims, 70-week standoff at Doklam, reminded the World of Beijing cavalier rejection of the PCA (Permanent Court of Arbitration) ruling South China Sea. China’s growing intervention in domestic affairs of its vassal states is now under scanner. Also, Beijing’s aggressive posturing in Indo-Pacific region and intemperate siding with North Korea alerted World of its dubious intentions.

Registering stable growth rate buoyed by robust economic indicators India emerged as favored business investment destination. India’s democratic values and free market regime evoked new interest in Western World boosting its credentials. Additionally, the new spurt in dynamism, conviction to reform India and infuse new energy through colossal economic reforms by the Modi regime suddenly heightened investors interest in India. Audacious implementation of monumental amends like demonetization, rolling out a single tax regime through GST which had direct implications in terms of electoral outcomes testified Modi’s commitment to reform and transform India. While Indian opposition mocked Modi’s financial inclusion drive Jan Dhan Yojana and other initiatives like Make in India, Skill India, Start Up India, Stand Up India, Digital India, international community reposed great faith in his vision. Signing of Paris Climate Agreement, establishment of International Solar Alliance by roping in over 100 tropical countries echoed well with the aspirations of the international community. Besides, propitious predictions regarding India’s growth story coupled with steady inflow of the FDI’s making it fifth largest investment destination changed international perceptions of India. While IMF lowered India’s growth rate due to demonetization and GST, Morgan & Stanley estimated that India would become third largest economy (in terms of nominal GDP) after China and US by 2028. These pragmatic predictions about Indian economy by prestigious foreign economic institutions, upgradation of India’s credit ranking, improvement in ease of doing business ranking together catapulted India’s stature as a promising emerging economy. As a fastest growing emerging economy with a middle-class population of over 600 million and high demographic dividend India offered invaluable business opportunities.  Moreover, irrespective of the growth rate, India under the present dispensation which can take tough decisions is increasingly perceived as aspirational nation. With World skeptical of Chinese iniquitous intentions and America’s self-imposed isolationism India is now considered for a responsible role in global order. Modi’s keynote address peppered with global vision in these conflicting times is thus a modest attempt.

For the first time in twenty years, Indian Prime Minister has made a speech at Davos. In his opening address to the plenary session, Modi has put forth a vision for “shared future in a fractured world”. Invoking civilizational values of India, Modi enunciated that Indian scriptures, believed in the concept of the vasudaika kutumbakam (the World is one family) which eloquently suits the theme of the current Davos summit. Contemporary world replete of fractures, bereft of harmony calls for resolving prevailing fissures, the offshoots of existing income inequalities, disparities and distribution of resources to evolve a global vision. He summarized that the World is challenged by three threats- terrorism, climate change and protectionism. Terrorism which is now a bigger threat is now becoming potentially dangerous as young and educated youth are being increasingly radicalized. With regards to terrorism, in a veiled dig aimed at China which has been supporting Pakistan he warned nations against differentiating terrorism into good and bad terrorism. Climate change has become cause of intense global concern. Extreme weather events like excess rainfall, drought have become more common. Modi urged nations to join hands towards curbing emissions. For long, developed countries have alleged that India had failed to make useful contributions towards amelioration of climate. In this connection, Modi reminded that India has been one of the earliest signatories of Paris Climate Agreement and that India is now meeting a third of its energy requirements through renewable sources in the past three years. Modi stressed on the need for developing an inclusive society and castigated an isolationist approach. He appealed nations to adopt rules-based approach. He reiterated that democratic values and principles guided India’s rise which is committed to preserve liberal democratic order. He extolled the virtues of Indian wisdom that offered solutions for each of these threats. Quoting verses from Upanishads, Modi said India has been a land of knowledge which believed in oneness, prayed for peace, wellbeing of humanity and never advocated violence. He attested that Indian scriptures offered a variety of techniques like Ashtang Yoga and meditation to cleanse evils like greed, pride and ego and hailed Indian repositories of knowledge as its soft power. Besides promoting India’s soft power- its cuisine and Yoga, Modi flaunted the accomplishments of his regime. Pledging to further improve ease of doing business, Modi made every effort to sell India’s growth story.

Modi’s empathetic approach towards challenges of contemporary world, his vision peppered with snippets of knowledge from Indian scriptures, conviction towards building a shared future has truly made a mark. His eloquent articulation drawing relevance to Indian thought and approach has elevated Indian stature signifying India arrival at the World stage.  

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Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO)s: Hard to ignore

The idea of existence of alien life, exploration of extra-terrestrial life and spotting of vague flying objects always enticed the scientific community. Fueling scientific passions, a genre of writers began producing a manifold variety of scientific fiction to whet the inherent curiosity and inquisitiveness of the science enthusiasts. Soon, flying saucers or flying discs/ Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO)s became extensively used terms in common parlance. Colloquially, references to UFO became synonymous to an alien space craft. While there has always been a latent obsession towards UFO, the issue started gaining more momentum ever since US government’s public disclosure.

On 16^th December 2017 US Defense Department conceded that it funded a program on UFO till 2012 which existed in various avatars. The $600 million Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) which was shut down in 2012, started in 2007 at the behest of Nevada Senator Harry Reid. New revelations suggest the program was run by an aerospace company run by billionaire entrepreneur Robert Bigleow, a friend of Reid who is currently working with NASA for developing an expandable raft for humans in space. Upon repeated questioning senator Reid confided that black money was used to fund the program on UFO which was classified and designated as “restricted special access program”. Backing the program in 2009 government argued that “what was considered as science fiction is now a science fact”. AATIP which was started with much fanfare was mysteriously terminated suddenly in 2012. Now hell broke loose with several Pentagon officials questioning government funding since earlier projects on UFOs were called off for negative conclusions. 

In US, for long, scientific communities and defense personnel locked horns over the existence of UFOs. Scientists asserted that the overwhelming banner of UFO included not only rare sightings but unusual phenomenon that are largely unexplained by science. Experts argued often certain unusual natural phenomenon which are categorized as UFOs merited serious investigation and should be taken up case by case. Debunking the myth of UFOs researchers implored government to exercise caution and not attribute everything to the existence of alien creatures.

Post-world war II, US initiated projects to extensively investigate UFO’s on grounds of national security which intensified during the cold war era.  In 1948, US instituted Project Sign, a highly classified program to probe the extraterrestrial origins of flying saucers and was dismantled within a year without making the details of study public. This was soon followed by Project Grudge which was replaced by Project Blue Book which was officially closed in 1970 marking the end of US government’s official support to UFO program. Ambiguous denouements of the projects frustrated defense personnel who soon withdrew from these projects. But nonetheless enthusiastic astronomers and scientists soon formed private scientific consortiums and pursued investigations of UFO with renewed vigor. Parallelly, bewitched by the mysteries of alien life, NASA started looking for signs of life in the Solar System. Currently, UFO investigations in US are collectively taken up by SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) which searches for signs of life by monitoring electromagnetic radiations, NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope and Mars Science Laboratory.

Despite the overwhelming frenzy to reconnoiter and explore UFOs, focused investigations on the same are not discussed openly even now. UFO study is still considered a stigma by US defense personnel who questioned the justification behind allotment of huge amounts of funds for UFO investigations.

Interestingly though existence of UFOs is often dismissed as conspiracy theory, fib of occultism and fictitious, harrowing experiences of Naval personnel and Sailors have prompted institutions and countries to investigate UFOs. Now countries like France, Sweden, Russia, China, UK, Canada and Latin American countries are pursuing UFO investigation in a big way. Soon the study of UFOs has graduated into a neologism referred to as Ufology. In a major boost towards searching for extraterrestrial life, in 2015 Stephen Hawking, spearheaded a new program, Breakthrough Initiatives funded by Russian billionaire Yuri Milner to search for intelligent alien life.

While contrarian views regarding UFOs their relevance, existence and need for investigations continue to trigger huge debate, a new sighting by sky observers is enthralling scientists. The team of Breakthrough Listen has identified a 260ft long cigar shaped space craft hurtling through the Solar system at speeds of 196,000mph in October 2017. Ever since scientists have been closely monitoring the interstellar object initially believed to be an asteroid or a comet. Discovered by Pan-Starrs Project at the University of Hawai, it was termed as Oumuamua, a Hawaiian term meaning scout or messenger. International Astronomical Union (IAU) designated this object as I1/2017U1, I as in Interstellar, 1 since it is first object to enter our Solar System from the outer confines. Scientists found that the object has been emitting electromagnetic radiations not produced in nature. Though scientists haven’t arrived at unanimity with regards to its origin they found that the interstellar object is unusual for a rock. Travelling at speeds several fold more than light, it is unlikely to be bound by gravitational force of Sun. Its architecture suggests that it was designed to minimize damage from interstellar dust and gases. Based on its speed and trajectory, scientists estimated that it will soon bypass Jupiter and exit our Solar System. Investigations contended the object to be first ever craft to have visited our solar system suggesting the possibility of existence of alien civilizations. This discovery added more heft to the claims of Stephen Hawking who unequivocally believed in the existence of advanced aliens and their colonization of planets whichever they can reach. This new celestial discovery can span out be a turning point in the study of UFOs.

For decades, several scientific groups believed that UFOs are real and represent advanced technology. But none of the groups could convincingly authenticate their claims. Rapid advancements in science, synergistic cooperation between various institutions backed by financial resources is now offering new hope for UFO enthusiasts. While UFO investigation is still considered a taboo, the longing excitement to unravel vast expanses of Universe and alien civilizations continues to propel science zealots to relentlessly fathom the enchanting mysteries of unexplored realms. 

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Can India and Israel be friends?

The six-day long visit of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to India embellished with vibrant display of affability and congeniality instilled new hopes of building steadfast bilateral ties. For long the treasured set of shared values and traditions are incessantly invoked to reiterate the ease of nurturing the friendship. Currently the added dimension of fluctuating geopolitical scenario and growing menace of Islamic terror is propelling India to adopt a bold approach towards Israel. Decades of ideological entrapment, minority pandering hamstrung Indian foreign policy and prevented New Delhi from fostering friendly ties with Israel. Incidentally, India became one of the last major countries in the World to establish diplomatic relations with Israel.

Despite commonalities of pluralism and democracy, India reluctantly accepted Israel. Having internalized the radical interpretations of Jewish claims leaders of independent India stubbornly persisted with ideological obduracy of supporting Palestinians. Though successive governments showed marginal shifts, Indian approach towards Israel was by and large besieged by sentimentalism, accentuated by fears of loss of remittances worth $35 billion sent by the seven million Indian expatriates working Middle East and energy dependency on the region. Towing along the set guidelines of Nehruvian era, India has been extending unexceptional solidarity to Palestine. Irrespective of Arab World’s unabashed indifference towards India at international forums regarding Kashmir issue, India never wavered from its ideological posturing. In sharp contrast, India hardly reciprocated Israel’s timely help during various wars. Indian politicians trapped in political polarization grossly undermined the need for reorienting Indian foreign policy to champion Indian interests in the ever-changing global scenario.

For various reasons, India’s political right always held Israel in high esteem. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s sweeping electoral victory in 2014 raised new hopes of infusing fresh energy into Indo-Israel ties. Along expected lines, Modi who had developed exemplary personal relations with Netanyahu as Chief Minister of Gujarat met him just months after assuming the office of Prime Minister along the sidelines of UNGA at New York in 2014. In 2015, India abstained from voting against Israel at United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) setting a new precedent. Subsequently, the bilateral ties received a great boost with reciprocal high-level visits. In fact, Modi’s historic visit to Israel in July 2017, the first ever by an Indian Prime Minister to Jewish Land further revivified friendly ties. Fortifying friendship, in November 2017 India sent Super Hercules and 45-member contingent to participate in the Blue Flag-17 multilateral military exercise conducted by Israel. But India’s vote against Israel at the United Nations General Assembly essentially disapproving the US decision of recognizing Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and reports of cancellation of $500 million purchase deal of Spike Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) apparently raised doubts about the verisimilitude of Indian diplomacy under Modi regime.

Netanyahu’s reciprocal visit to India amidst Delhi’s paradoxical posturing has heightened the curiosity of International observers. Netanyahu who arrived in India on 14^th January with over 130 business delegates is scheduled to visit Ahmedabad, Agra, and Mumbai. Setting aside official protocol, Modi received Netanyahu at the airport. The exceptional warmth and exchange of welcome hugs suggested that personal chemistry and comaraderie of leaders was hardly affected by India’s vote against Israel. Cementing the continued engagement both countries signed seven MoUs in the areas of cyber security, oil and natural gas, air transport, film production, homeopathy, space technology and investment opportunities. Indo-Israeli collaboration for the past 10 years in the agriculture and water management has yielded excellent results. Under the objective of sharing best practices and technical know-how, fifteen Centers of Excellences were established across Haryana, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Telangana, Karnataka, Gujarat to impart training to farmers in new technologies. Both Prime Ministers visited Centre of Excellence in Vadrad Gujarat, to inspect its functioning and inaugurated another Centre in Bhuj. Similarly, cooperation between two countries in science and technology made substantial progress prompting both sides to upgrade collaboration in these fields.  The bilateral trade which was $200 million jumped to $4.16 billion by 2016, largely in favor of Israel. FDI inflows from Israel as of 2016 amounted to $107.6 million. Another major area where Israel made significant impact in India is Defence. Israel, a pioneering leader in advanced weapons technology is a major defence supplier of India next to US and Russia.

Innovation has been mainstay of Israel. India must make innovation its mantra to usher country to realms of economic prosperity. Speaking at the Indo-Israel business event, Modi invited Israeli business leaders to invest in India promising more reforms to further improve ease of doing business. Stating that India has immense development potential and vast opportunities for Israeli business Modi said, “Last year in July, I visited Israel, the first such visit to Israel from India. I experienced remarkable spirit of innovation, enterprise and perseverance that drive Israel”. He launched the India-Israel Innovation Bridge. To encourage innovation, both leaders inaugurated iCreate (International Centre for Entrepreneurship and Technology) Centre in Ahmedabad which aims to nurture, incubate, and train imaginative minds to harness innovation. Concurring with Modi’s focus on innovation, Netanyahu speaking to top corporates stressed that “future belongs to those who innovate” and India being a free nation has the right ecosystem where innovate can flourish. Rightfully, India must emulate Israel’s success story of being elite innovative nation and seamlessly collaborate with the Jewish nation.

Global politics is going through a tectonic shift and India should make necessary amends to its expired policies. Aside the resplendent optics and dynamic display of warmth, speaking at Raisina Dialogue, Netanyahu advised, “I like soft power, but hard power is usually better. You need F-35s, cyber, a lot of intelligence…where does the power for hard power come from? It comes from economic power” and admitted that Israel achieved the goal of economic power to build military. Bordered by belligerent neighbors, brothers-in-arms and relentlessly imperiled by ruthless transgressions Indian indispensability for a powerful military is obligatory. A strong economy can alone empower India to build a powerful army equipped with modern equipment.

India is projected to emerge as the third largest economy. With all the robust economic indicators finally in place, India is considered a lucrative destination for foreign investments. EU is the largest trading partner of Israel. But with all major European countries experiencing sharp economic slowdown, Israel has pivoted towards large Asian markets. Israel’s booming investments and soaring trade volumes with China reflects Israel’s marked shift in strategy. Despite its burgeoning economic and trade ties with China, Israel prefers democratic India with a free market economy. Moreover, Israel considers India as valuable partner and loves India for being the only country where Jews were welcomed and never discriminated. India has been home for Jews for over 2000 years.

While it is often cautioned that India should strike a fine balance in its ties with Israel and Palestine, the perception no longer seems to hold any ground. India would be committing a grave mistake, if it believes in championing Palestinian cause would lead to ideological salvation. Besides, Arab countries are now looking up to Israel for modern technology and with threat of rising Iran looming high Israel’s isolation is diminishing. After Trump’s suspension of aid to Pakistan, it is increasingly tilting towards China. Reports indicate Islamabad is seeking assistance of Beijing for fortification of bunkers along the LoC. The unremitting cross border infiltrations by Pakistan and latest satellite pictures showing China building roads in PoK’s Saksham Valley, north of Siachen Glacier, Pakistan-China duo are now steadily tightened noose around India. Like India Israel is surrounded by warring nations. Also, both countries being worst victims of terrorism and extremism have been waging a relentless crusade against their enemies. Similarly, Israel’s steady economic progression can be an immense learning. Netanyahu miraculous economic consolidation can be worth emulating. He single-handedly saved Israeli economy from economic downturn in 2009 as a result its GDP reached an all-time high in 2016. Israel has indeed many lessons to offer for India in various avenues. Strategic commonalities and synergistic economic complementarities between two countries offer and excellent opportunity for building and upgrading the partnership to a next level. Pragmatic assessment of global scenario and a common vision for relationship calls for   catapulting the bilateral ties to a level of privileged strategic partnership.

Israel has been the only country to supply weapons when international community has imposed sanctions on India. Israel had always pitched in to rescue India during crucial situations. Moreover, Global perception of Israel has changed significantly. Despite the boycott, divestment and sanctions (BDS) launched against Israel, its trade and economic ties remained unaffected. On the contrary, Israel’s trade with EU and Asian countries registered a sharp increase. Latin American countries have ended support anti-Israel resolutions. Israel has established ties with 15 African countries. Indeed, it must be noted when other Muslim countries loudly protested Trump’s Jerusalem move, Arab countries condemnation was just mere whimper. Israel’s global isolation is diminishing. India must now transcend transactional approach with Israel and should start acknowledging it as a friend openly to instill confidence and build trust. This in turn would aid in forging economic and trade alliances.

In his final leg of India tour, hours after unveiling a plaque commemorating the victims of 26/11 along with Moshe Holtzberg who lost both his parents to the brutal terrorist attacks at Mumbai Chabad House, Netanyahu backed India’s right to destroy terror hideouts along the LoC. No other foreign leader on his state visit has ever openly endorsed India’s right to defend Kashmiri territory. Japan has been the only nation to extend support to India during Doklam transgressions (but the article 9 of constitution imposes curbs on a military action).  Unresolved Kashmir issue has been an outcome of reprehensible historical blunders. For the past seven decades, India has been paying heavy price for same which is draining India of its resources. Tied down by pusillanimity, fear of international ostracization and domestic polarization Kashmir issue has been a pestering sour. Netanyahu’s reassuring stance in case of India’s unilateral combative stand “Well, let’s say this, we have some understanding and I don’t think I have to add beyond that” in his interview to TOI, irrefutably apprised India of Israel’s willingness to assist in the hour of need. Perhaps, this is Israel’s way of telling India that nations respect power and strength. India can restrain China’s stealthy transgressions only if New Delhi can choke Pakistan. Being a reckless bully, China’s hegemonic aspirations can be subdued through wanton display of aggression. Ever since carving out a nation for Jews, Israel tamed neighboring bellicose countries with envious audacious actions. So long as India’s vital energies and resources are dissipated in safe guarding borders it can barely realize the dream of becoming an economic superpower.    

Barring Indian dependence on Iran for energy needs and strategic connectivity which appears to be sole discordant point between India and Israel with an enormous convergence over a range of issues…can the two nations home to oldest religions become all weather friends?

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